21 COE Nihon Fukushi University Project - The 21st Century Center of Excellence Program  Asian COE towards a New Policy Science for Social Well-Being and Development
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  Domain D Research on Welfare Society Development in China and Mongolia
Research Results and Plans for the Fourth Year
  Sadahisa Noguchi, Domain D Leader
 


  Research on Welfare Society Development in China and Mongolia consists of the two major researches: Research on Welfare Society Development in China (D1) and Research on Welfare Society Development in Mongolia (D2). The Research on Welfare Society Development in China (D1) is further divided into two groups: Regional and Residential Welfare in She qu (communities) and Xiao Cheng Zhen (small towns) in China (D1-1: Noguchi & Kodama Group) and Research on Elderly Welfare in China (D1-2: Ching Group), which are working collaboratively while at the same time pursuing their individual research topics in detail.
The Research on Welfare Society Development in Mongolia group (D2: Nagasawa & Shimazaki group) is focusing on a field survey in Mongolia under the theme of Demonstrative Research on Disabled Children and Adults and their Families.
The research has the two major objectives. (1) The theoretical approach within this research is focused on regional and residential welfare. (2) The results of research in China and Mongolia will be utilized in developing human resources (social planners and social workers in both public and private sectors concerned with city planning, regional welfare planning, and residential welfare community development) cultivation programs, and education materials.

Current Status of Research on Welfare Society Development in China (D1)
1. Publication of Residential and Regional Environment and Social Welfare in China and Japan
A compilation of papers that will become an important educational source for the cultivation of residential welfare human resources will be published in Chinese. We are currently writing the paper concerning the current status of regional and residential welfare in China and Japan and future issues, including the results of collaborative research and international symposiums, for international publication in Chinese.
2. International Symposium for Residential Welfare in China and Japan
Planning, meetings, and communications were undertaken for an international symposium. We have invited Assistant Professor Xiao from NanjingUniversity (2006/10/30–11/6).
An international symposium for the development of residential welfare human resource cultivation programs will be held at the Nagoya campus, NihonFukushiUniversity.
At the same time, workshops concerning regional and residential welfare will be held by the lecturers in both universities for the further understanding of collaborative research and to provide instruction for graduate students’ research.
3. “Revolution of Chinese City-Space System and the Formation of a Community” by Chen Lixing (NihonFukushiUniversity) and Liu Zhongquan (DalianUniversity of Technology) will be published within FY2006.

Current Status of Research on Welfare Society Development in Mongolia (D2)
According to the report by Professor Nagasawa, the leader of the Mongolia research group, the achievements of their research can be summarized into the following five points. The first achievement is the archiving of periodic observations in Mongolia from the pre-1990s to the 1990s, as the epoch of transition from the nomadic life style in the socialistic period to marketization. The second achievement is that research on nomadic societies officially recognized the existence of street children in Ulan Bator and a large-scale demonstration by disabled people who had lost their jobs. Nomads who lost their cattle in heavy snow and freezing conditions (called “dzud”) in 2000 and 2001 formed an impoverished group in Ulan Bator. Many disabled children and adults are included in these underprivileged families. The third achievement is the definition of a welfare regime in Mongolia. China opened its market while retaining its socialist structure and is gradually forming a social welfare system. Korea extended and developed its social welfare through the support of its rapid growth towards capitalism. Mongolia made its transition to the market economy by denying its previous socialist era. This transition is unlike that of any other Asian countries. The fourth achievement is the observation of Mongolia’s “lost decade.” Although Mongolia retained its standard as an “unknown welfare regime” in its socialistic era, its transition to the market economy generated a massive underprivileged class, domestic violence, alcoholism, and street children. The fifth achievement is finding that Mongolia still persists in its welfare system, such as free medical consultations—in principle, a full nationwide pension system, a disabled pension system, and secured parental leave under the pressure to increase the welfare budget from the IMF and the World Bank, together with the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997. Mongolia is making progress in constructing its welfare society by stubbornly retaining its existing welfare system. The resources for this system derive from the nation’s attitude of mutual support and participation.
The results of our research are currently being complied to be published as “Mongoru no Street Children (Mongolian Street Children)” from Tokishobo in November 2006.

 


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